A lot.
Next Generation will allow a more precise system which will allow more aircraft in a smaller space. Instead of 1950s radar technology GPS will be used to better direct aircraft around, give more favorable routes, direct aircraft around weather, and allow for more aircraft during saturation periods.
ATC having 'groundspeed from radar' is not enough. Next Generation will allow ATC to have a broader picture, such as seeing what speed the pilot dials into the autopilot, altitude is selected, and a lot of commands the pilot is actually imputing into the machine. This will allow ATC to actually see what the pilot is doing instead of anticipating, which will in turn ad another layer of safety, as well as allow for tighter spacing margins.
Sooo.....to get back to your question, ATC will be able to see if an airplane is not doing what they want them to do before it even becomes a traffic deviation issue.