14 CFR 61.57 requires that for instrument currency you must conduct "(i) At least six instrument approaches;" What is an "instrument approach"? See 61.1:
(9)
Instrument approach means an approach procedure defined in part 97 of this chapter.
So it appears to me that you cannot use an invented instrument procedure for currency, since it is not defined in Part 97. As for the checkride, this is an excerpt from the Pilot Examiner's Handbook:
441 USE OF MAKESHIFT AND NONAPPROVED INSTRUMENT APPROACH PROCEDURES FOR TRAINING AND CERTIFICATION. There have been misinterpretations concerning the instrument approach procedures and facilities required for the training and practical testing of instrument rating applicants. Specifically, the misunderstanding concerns whether nonapproved or makeshift approach procedures may be used in lieu of approved
14 CFR part 97 facilities and procedures during training and practical testing. An example of a makeshift procedure would be the substitution of a published approach for one very high frequency omnidirectional range (VOR) on a different VOR.
A. Regulatory Requirement. Section
61.65 provides that an applicant for the instrument practical test must have received instrument flight instruction and have been found competent in precision and nonprecision instrument approaches to published minimums. Section
61.65 states that the practical test must include instrument flight procedures selected by the ASI conducting the test to determine the applicant’s ability to perform competently the IFR operations for which instruction is required by §
61.65 . Since makeshift approaches are not a part of any system,
the use of a makeshift approach would not meet the intent of the regulatory requirement and is not authorized.
B. Information Dissemination. Supervising ASIs should ensure that all examiners, pilot schools, and instructor personnel are informed that the regulations do not permit the use of approach procedures other than those outlined in §
91.175(a) for the purpose of meeting the requirements of §
61.65.
So, again, it appears to me that your examiner was out-of-line using your made up approaches for the checkride.