If my student tried to return to the departure airport due to clouds and the clouds required him to bust airspace before he could contact ATC I would hope that he would bust the airspace. In my opinion it would be much safer for him to bust some airspace than to fly into the clouds. If anything, this should fall under the emergency authority of the PIC. Sure he busted the adiz, but he most likely would not have survived otherwise. As for a student pilot taking his dad flying, yeah that guy should get punished.
tag... Jeez...