pitch=airspeed; power=altitude

But what good is that "objectively true material" if the person you are trying to explain it to does not understand it.

I think the problem isn't that they don't understand it, it is that they don't want to understand it. He posts up a laymen explanation first, almost always. Then when it is disputed he shows where that laymen explanation originated from and that it was invented out of thin air. You don't need to understand the math to understand that his explanation wasn't an invented one, that is the point I think.

Of all the math posted here it can be simplified to this (note the formulas given are basic, they don't work for:

Lift = speed + AOA (This shows that speed is effected by AOA)

Rate of climb = excess power (This shows our climb/descent is effected by excess power)

We can change power through changing the throttle, moving the power available line vertically up and down. Or you can by changing airspeed, moving you along the power required curve:

Vy1.png


The greater the separation between the two, the larger the excess power. If there is no separation, IE where the lines meet, you are flying level. If power required is greater than that available you are sinking, and the greater the difference the faster the sink.

Don't know if this helps you at all, but I tried.

It's not about sharing your love of aviation and trying to make safe compotent pilots anymore.

What makes a compotent pilot? :D

larryintn said:
I am talking about how a pilot reaches a decision on what control inputs...

This is all I will comment on for now, aside from that I will let you and tgray finish. Then if needed you and I can continue. I think some of the dialogue is being lost because we are talking about 18 different things at once.

My comment to this is that you say you are talking about technique, but then contradict that by saying "how a pilot reaches a decision." That would be a reason to do something, not a technique for applying it.

Anyways, I bow out for now.
 
It's not about math, or charts, it's about understanding your machine, and mastering it.

And the math helps you do that; if you understand the math, you understand the machine better than someone who doesn't. The math isn't for use in the cockpit, it's for use on the ground as a tool to think about airplanes. It can help you discover new techniques or dismiss old ones.

I've been teaching this stuff for over 10 years and I know well how much I can get across to a student. On a one-on-one basis, I can step them through almost anything and they gain a great deal from it. I mainly stay with graphs, but I might throw in the formulas for climb rate, angle of climb, and the lift equation. There is a lot of meat even in those simple equations and anyone with a high school education should be able to understand them.

I haven't had a student yet who wasn't interested in what I had to say on the subject, so I don't think it's as big a turnoff as you think. My bet is that if I'd had you as a student, you'd have been as interested as anyone else; it's only now that you're old and set in your ways that you find it repulsive. ;)
 
I haven't had a student yet who wasn't interested in what I had to say on the subject, so I don't think it's as big a turnoff as you think. My bet is that if I'd had you as a student, you'd have been as interested as anyone else; it's only now that you're old and set in your ways that you find it repulsive. ;)


Maybe so. But who's calling who old.:cool: I bet your almost old enough to be my dad. Im gonna tag a wag at it, but I say, uh, mid 50's (ducks behind the couch to avoid flying things).
 
So you're going to pitch down to go up?

I'm doing the same thing that you are doing.

This really removes the only useful aspect of the idea that you pitch for altitude, the intuitiveness of pulling the yoke in the direction you want to go.

With all do respect, how would you know? It's obvious that you've never seriously tried to use this technique in an airplane which makes your comments on it's usefulness or advisability purely academic. In short, try it before you condemn it.

Switching the laws of aircraft flight depending on whether or not you have power or whether or not you're behind the power curve is really poor pedagogy.

Those who use the "pitch=A/S" technique do that same "switching" based on the context. You certainly don't teach students that they should use power to control their altitude in cruise flight, do you? If you did, they'd spent their entire cross-country flight jockeying the throttle back and forth. You don't pitch for A/S in a steep turn, do you? How would you ever hold altitude in a steep turn with the throttle?

It's only necessary because you fail to teach the actual function of these flight controls.

Once again, you're mixing pitch and AoA.

I find your continued insistence that there's only one "right" way a little bit insulting. The thread probably doesn't know that we do know each other and are both familiar with the other's experience. Your responses imply that I don't understand what I'm doing and I know that you know better than that.

My comment to this is that you say you are talking about technique, but then contradict that by saying "how a pilot reaches a decision." That would be a reason to do something, not a technique for applying it.

So now you're both the "pitch" police and the "word" police?

A technique is "a way of accomplishing a task that is not immediately obvious." I think that applies quite well to this topic. Call it whatever you like. It is as I described; a method for deciding what control inputs to make to achieve a desired performance.
 
mid 50's (ducks behind the couch to avoid flying things).

That's not far enough wrong for me to throw anything...give me about 6-7 more years and I'll be there. I don't mind being attributed with the maturity and wisdom of those more senior to me. ;)
 
LarryinTN said:
Your responses imply that I don't understand what I'm doing and I know that you know better than that.

I know that you are very, very bright, are very experienced, and intimidate some of your captains with your knowledge. ;)

That said, I don't think it reasonable to assume that your knowledge and experience in other areas equips you to be knowledgeable in a subject that you have not studied. Unless you have spent a lot of time actually studying the underlying science of flight mechanics, I don't think it reasonable to assume that you have above average insight into the "why's" of what's occurring when we manipulate the controls in certain ways. Given that I have invested a large amount of time into exploring exactly that, I think it's reasonable that you would accept my interpretations of that reality, particularly when I can back it up with mathematics and diagrams. I don't mind being asked for evidence.

As an example of the above, you launched into this discussion with an egregiously wrong statement to Roger, Roger, contradicting his correct statement that the elevator controlled AoA. Even after I supplied information that should have convinced you that he was correct, you still have not acknowledged your error on this and I fear you are not convinced. With such a fundamental misconception in place, it would be very difficult for much of your other analysis of aircraft flight mechanics to be correct. Yes, I know you know what happens, but your explanations of why would be very suspect.

What I assert is that there is only one correct interpretation of the physics involved in what we are talking about and that should always be where the discussion starts. After the physics is settled, there is a case to be made for instilling a model that is different from reality into the heads of pilots. If it truly provides the same results, maybe there's no harm done. I'm skeptical that the pitch for altitude model works in a behind the power curve scenario with marginal power; you say that it does but haven't described how you program pilots to do it.

In response to your other questions, no, I never switch explanations depending on phase of flight. AoA (elevator) always controls airspeed no matter what phase of flight. In steep turns, the only way to maintain altitude using the yoke only is to accept an airspeed reduction, which is contrary to the PTS requirements. To fly a steep turn properly, you need to increase the AoA (elevator) to maintain airspeed (otherwise the aircraft will accelerate as the bank increases) and you need to add power to maintain altitude at the new draggier position. I can show that this is the case using power curves.

As for maintaining altitude in cruise flight, note that I have never made the case that power controls altitude, only that excess power does. You can get excess power via the throttle or the yoke by changing your airspeed (elevator->AoA). I can show via power curves how an airplane climbs and descends by making small airspeed changes.

Lastly, I am puzzled as to why you would say that I'm confusing pitch and AoA (elevator) when I'm the one who made the careful delineation between the two, defined the difference mathematically, and pointed out that pitch attitude is a result, not a cause of anything. It's like telling a math major that he doesn't understand the difference between addition and multiplication. The only thing I can think of is that you read the word "pitch" when I say "elevator". Looking over some of your previous posts hints that this might be the case. The elevator doesn't control pitch, as defined by the angle the longitudinal axis makes with the horizon.
 
You can get excess power via the throttle or the yoke by changing your airspeed (elevator->AoA).
...and isn't this the same, in a way, as saying you can control altitude, as well as airspeed, with either throttle or yoke? Your graphs and charts explain the why and how a change in one creates a change in the other.

They support, to me, the idea that we use the practical application of both techniques, depending on the situation. There is no one way. That is the debate. Isn't it? Or did I get lost?
 
They support, to me, the idea that we use the practical application of both techniques, depending on the situation.

I do apologize if this reply further confuses things... I really just want this thing to die.

Using the yoke to control altitude is acceptable when operating ahead of the power curve... cruise, descent. It will lead to a greater AOA, more lift, and a climb. When operating in the region of reverse command, however, using the yoke to control altitude will lead to a higher AOA, less excess power available and lower airspeed (higher drag). Eventually, a stall is inevitable.

The difference is apparent when you visualize the climbing portion of a lazy-8 versus climbing in slow flight.

This is why I've always taught power for altitude, trim (pitch) for speed. When it counts, it's all about power.

The actual debate here is, if I've read correctly, which flight controls effect excess power, AOA, airspeed, altitude, and why. It's fairly entertaining.
 
...and isn't this the same, in a way, as saying you can control altitude, as well as airspeed, with either throttle or yoke?

No, the throttle makes nothing other than transient changes in airspeed. As soon as the aircraft starts to accelerate, lift increases, exceeds weight, and the flight path is deflected upwards, where the component of gravity slows the aircraft back down again.

There is no one way. That is the debate. Isn't it? Or did I get lost?
There is only one correct setting of the flight controls; Larry is arguing that the mental model of pitching for altitude provides the same control movements. I agree that this is true sometimes. In the example above, in level flight, the pilot increasing power will begin a climb; the pilot, wishing to maintain level flight, will push forward on the yoke, which provides the AoA decrease needed for a permanent airspeed increase.

Even when this model works, it's sometimes dysfunctional. In another post, Larry stated that the pitch for altitude method does this for a descent:


  • lower the nose
  • reduce power to keep the airspeed the same.

Even as stated, he must make two control movements when I only need to make one, a power reduction. More importantly, his description of the control movements cannot possibly be correct. The lowering of the nose is a reduction in AoA which will increase airspeed; there is no movement of the throttle that can prevent this. Without another AoA change, the throttle reduction will simple increase the rate of descent. If this works for him, then he left out one important control movement:

  • lower the nose
  • reduce power to keep the airspeed the same.
  • raise the nose
The AoA must be restored to its original value to keep from accelerating. So this method ends up making three control movements to my one. This is because the model communicates a misunderstanding of the flight controls. Same results? Well, yes.

The only advantage to the pitching model is that it is faster. If I had to drop like a rock to avoid another aircraft or a cloud, I certainly would chop power and shove the nose down, knowing and accepting that my airspeed would start to increase until I increased the AoA again.
 
Using the yoke to control altitude is acceptable when operating ahead of the power curve... cruise, descent. It will lead to a greater AOA, more lift, and a climb. When operating in the region of reverse command, however, using the yoke to control altitude will lead to a higher AOA, less excess power available and lower airspeed (higher drag). Eventually, a stall is inevitable.

Yes, exactly. Larry says that his model works in this scenario, but he has not explain how.
 
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