Yes, every Marine takes a PFT twice a year. Cooks, Infantrymen, and Air Wingers.
For enlisted Marines, the PFT score is used in calculating your composite score (cutting score, as we call it) (for Corporals and below), which is used for promotion. In reality, you're only competing within your specific MOS for promotion, as scores are issued within each MOS.
Once you're a Sergeant, you PFT score doesn't directly affect your cutting score, but it can reflect in your fitness report.
For officers, there is no cutting score, and PFT score only counts in your FITREP.
Rifle range - yes, every year. Every Marine, no matter the MOS. The range score is the other really big factor in your cutting score. Admin, Driver - no matter what you do, your Rifle score affects your promotion (again, Corporal and below).
If you fail a PFT or go UNK on the range, no matter what your rank, it's bad juju. Can't be promoted until you fix that. In addition, you'll probably get a bad entry in your record book.
Funny thing to note. Average PFT score in the Corps (in 1997) was 235, out of a possible 300. 180 was minimum to pass. I always averaged about a 275.
Now, in the grunts, it was OK, but when I got to the Wing, I might as well have been a PT stud!!! /ubbthreads/images/graemlins/grin.gif /ubbthreads/images/graemlins/grin.gif They were too busy "fixing airplanes" to run.... /ubbthreads/images/graemlins/mad.gif I'm generalizing, of course - but it's still pretty accurate.
Anyway, PFT score is made up of crunch-type sit-ups (100max), Pull Ups (20 max) (women used to do a flexed-arm hang, but they're equal now - so they do the same), and a 3-mile run (fastest for score is 18 minutes, 28 for min score). Once you're over 27 (I think), things adjust for the score.
See
here to see how you fare!!!