Not exactly. If you are established on the MLB LOC at 28 DME, you are still allowed to leave the last ATC assigned altitude because you are, in fact, "Established." Now, since you are beyond 10 miles from FIBOP, you may not descend to 1600 however, if you were at say 9,000ft, you may descend down to any lower altitude on the IAP chart (MSA for example) until you are within 10 miles.
You are right when you say you may not leave 2,000 yet but it is not because you are not within 10, it is because the only altitude you may descend to is the MSA (out to 30 NM from the MLB VOR) but since you are already below that altitiude, there is no lower alt until you get within 10 of FIBOP.
As for the original post, if you hear the words "Maintain ____ until established, cleared ILS 9R Approach" it means, "Maintain ___ until established on the ILS 9R Approach" An approach begins when you are following what is on the IAP chart and since the feeder is part of the procedure (written on the chart), you are then established once you are on the feeder, hence 1,600 once you hit the VOR is fine. (NOTE: In most cases like this, ATC will usually say "cross the MLB VOR at 2,000" or something like that but they could say mx until established)