Compass Deviation

MedicRyan

Well-Known Member
This is the like the only thing that I have never been properly taught about over the years. I have my commercial checkride scheduled for next week so I thought I would make sure I know. How do you calculate deviation error? I just see a bunch of numbers on the placard and don't really know what they mean.

Thanks in advance,

Ryan
 
The deviation card is pretty simple...

Deviation is error in compass headings caused by electrical equipment in the airplane (avionics etc.), and usually the manufacturer will install compensating magnets in the compass housing to reduce these errors.

Anyway, the card itself is to correct for the remainder of the error by listing certain magnetic headings (MH) and corresponding compass headings (CH). For example if for a MH of 120 it has a CH of 118, that means that if you want to turn to 120, it should really be a heading of 118 you turn to. I was never asked about on any of my checkrides, because for most flights, I think this error is pretty negligable (depends on the specific plane of course).

Hope that helps

By the way, the MH's that aren't listed I believe are assumed to have no error.
 
Just to add to KBUF's reply, there is usually no need to interpolate for other headings. Just use the nearest given heading.

For example, if the compass deviation card read:
FOR 030 STEER 033
FOR 060 STEER 061

then for a magnetic course of 040, just use the nearest one (i.e. 030) and make your compass heading 033
 
Off topic, but Dazzler, thanks a lot for the teaching aid idea. I presented to my instructor while roll playing and he thought it was great!
 
Dazzler said:
Just to add to KBUF's reply, there is usually no need to interpolate for other headings. Just use the nearest given heading.

For example, if the compass deviation card read:
FOR 030 STEER 033
FOR 060 STEER 061

then for a magnetic course of 040, just use the nearest one (i.e. 030) and make your compass heading 033

Why do you say there is no need to interpolate for other headings? If 030 is good enough for 040, why did you bother to correct the 3 degrees for deviation in the first place?

No, I must heartily disagree here. If the desire is to steer a magnetic heading of 045 degrees, then you must point the airplane on a heading of 045 degrees, not 030 or 060. If the specific heading you desire is not listed on the correction card, then interpolation is the only way to correct for installation errors (for 045, steer 047).




.
 
i agree with tony, interpolate. you can find a similar question in the private pilot written exam whereas the only method to derive the correct answer is through interpolation.
 
OK, I just checked the FAA Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge, and on page 14-6 it mentions to interpolate for Deviation, so I stand corrected.

However, when I was studying for my private pilot certificate, I used Rod Machado's Private Pilot Handbook for my text, and he talks about (on page N23) using the method I described above (i.e. taking the nearest heading).

So it just comes down to what source you get your info from. Of course you would probably be prudent to use the FAA source primarily, in which case - yes - go ahead and interpolate. In reality, you'll only be off by a degree or two using the "nearest" method anyway - but for a written test, yes - you need to be accurate.

Sorry for misleading you!
 
Dazzler said:
In reality, you'll only be off by a degree or two using the "nearest" method anyway - ...

In your example above (using 033 instead of interpolating to get 042 for 040) the difference would not be a "degree or two," but rather NINE degrees.



Perhaps you meant to say (I don't have Machado's book so I can't verify this) that you would use the Correction for the nearest heading rather than interpolating. In your example, the correction for 030 was +3 degrees, and the correction for 060 was +1 degrees, so the nearest correction to 040 was the one for 030, or +3 degrees. Applying the correction for the nearest placarded heading would yield 043, while interpolating would yield 042.

Since this method agrees with your claim that the difference would only be "degree or two," I'm going to go out on a limb and say this is what you meant to say (or should have meant to say? wish you had said?). :)




In that case, there's a valid point to be made. Using the correction from the neareast placarded heading is certainly easier on the brain, it will usually be very close to the interpolated value, and given our ability to maintain a heading within a few degrees, it's probably as useful.* Keep in mind, though, that it's like a rule of thumb. It's a useful tool, but it won't always give you the MOST correct answer.





*It may be argued that there's no guarantee that the relationship between heading and correction is linear between each of the points placarded. The "correct" method of interpolating assumes that such a linear relationship does exist. A valid argument could be made, though, that the most ACCURATE correction might be obtained by using a method other than that described by the FAA. However, for the purposes of answering questions on tests designed by the FAA, it's prudent to use their method.
 
TonyC -

yes, using the *correction* is what I meant (honest!), and agrees with what's in Machado's book.

Good catch!
 
I guess I only need this knowledge to determine CH on the VFR flight plan form so I can appease the examiner.
 
Dazzler said:
TonyC -

yes, using the *correction* is what I meant (honest!), and agrees with what's in Machado's book.

Good catch!


Yeah you had me there for a second, I thought "is he serious?" Then I sort of figured you meant 043 instead of 033.
 
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