Last day as a full time CFI...and what a day!

sounddoc

Well-Known Member
Engine failure & un-forecast thunderstorms?!

Not as exciting as it sounds, but they both happened - For you cherokee drivers out there, I would not recommend a forward slip from pattern altitude to a landing with carb heat on + humid conditions. We did this, and when my student idled off the runway, clunk...prop stops. Cranking it proved flooding, and after it restarted, it ran fine the whole way home. I didn't even think of it at the time, but we most likely ran it too rich (high density altitude, high temp (shouldn't have had him use carb heat, but it was an instrument training flight...my bad, not thinking) full mixture and low power setting). This is one of our newer Warriors too, so it wasn't a maintenance issue, just a dumb CFI move. over a grand of hours in PA28 time, and I've never seen this happen before. Lesson learned - don't use carb heat over 20C idling on the ground.

Fast forward to my last flight, a student wanted to fly down to a grass field, we both got the weather, nothing forecast, all good. 3/4 the way down and we had to descend to 3k below a cloud building rather rapidly. We called up a nearby RCO to ask if there had been a change in the forecast...nope, all good according to her, she sounded perplexed at our report. So we landed, turned around, and those little puffy clouds had built into two full fledged thunderstorms. So the hour flight back was 1.5 times that as we circumvented growing cells and moderate to heavy precip. The whole way back she's still navigating using the sectional like a champ! Lesson learned - don't trust the briefer when your inner ADM tells you it's probably time to turn back. Turned into a great lesson on how your options can go from all to none in a short amount of time.

Not bad for a last day, but I would have much preferred it to be as non-eventful as the previous year and a half!
 
I had something similar happen in a Warrior the first damn time I ever flew one. I hated those things. The Cessnas gave me way less trouble. The cirrus is alot better now though!

Last day as CFI? Where you off to? I love teaching but am looking forward to the next step.
 
Sounds like quiet the day! I don't have nearly that amount of time in a Cherokee, but have never experienced the engine actually quitting after running the carb heat like that. I could definitely see how you could draw those conclusions though. Sounds like a lesson that was definitely a good learning experience for the student and instructor! I am not sure where you are going after instructing, but wish you the best on your future endeavors!
 
I always been taught to use carb heat in the pattern when reducing the power to 1500RPM. Should I not be doing that in the cherokees then?
 
I always been taught to use carb heat in the pattern when reducing the power to 1500RPM. Should I not be doing that in the cherokees then?

I wouldn't say to discontinue using it in all situations, just use caution during hot and high days. I have never had an issue in the South Alabama heat, but since our elevation is so low the density altitude usually doesn't get above 3 thousand feet or so. At more high elevations it would affect you more.
 
I wouldn't say to discontinue using it in all situations, just use caution during hot and high days. I have never had an issue in the South Alabama heat, but since our elevation is so low the density altitude usually doesn't get above 3 thousand feet or so. At more high elevations it would affect you more.
Or, lean the engine if you anticipate prolonged operation with carb heat applied. When shooting single engine approaches in a twin, doing so really helps prevent plug fouling.
 
I see. I'm not a CFI yet, but shouldn't the mixture be leaned if you are flying into or out of a high elevation airport? In such case as a high humidity, high altitude, high density altitude day, do you not use carb heat at all. I'm a little confused because I haven't dug so deep into carb heat+ I did most of my training in florida.
 
I see. I'm not a CFI yet, but shouldn't the mixture be leaned if you are flying into or out of a high elevation airport? In such case as a high humidity, high altitude, high density altitude day, do you not use carb heat at all. I'm a little confused because I haven't dug so deep into carb heat+ I did most of my training in florida.
Actually, in a carbureted engine, you are most susceptible to carb ice on a hot, humid day. I'd have to dig some dusty books out, but IIRC the ideal temps for getting carb ice is in the 75-85 F range.

So, what does carb heat do? You are probably aware that it ducts (unfiltered) air through a shroud around the exhaust to warm the air so it can melt or prevent ice formations in the carburetor. Ice forms in a carbureted engine due to the significant drop in temperature as air flows through the carb. A little known fact is that while it is true that the drop in pressure on the backside of the venturi does cause a temperature drop, the most significant drop in temperature occurs as a result of fuel vaporization (the technical term being latent heat of vaporization). Because of this carb ice can form at any power setting, so why do we only apply it at lower power settings? Only for operational reasons. At a lower power setting, you are unlikely to notice the reduction in power resulting from the accumulation of carb ice. Also, when approaching for landing, you need to be absolutely sure that you have full power available for a go around.

Back to the question at hand. When carb heat is applied, the air going through the carb is much warmer, and therefore less dense. This enrichens the air/fuel mixture. As I stated, the easy fix to a rich mixture is to lean. When leaning at lower power settings, simply lean until the engine runs smoothly, and be prepared to push the mixture back in before applying full power or the engine will die!
 
Actually, in a carbureted engine, you are most susceptible to carb ice on a hot, humid day. I'd have to dig some dusty books out, but IIRC the ideal temps for getting carb ice is in the 75-85 F range

carb_ice.gif
 
I remember the R-985's were Frigidaire's, and in the red zone of that graph, just plain count on it.
 
Idle an O-200 at about 50°F and 80%+ humidity and you can shave frost off the intake fast enough to start a snow cone factory.
To date, the only time I have experienced carb ice was in a 150. And that was 3 days in a row...
 
To date, the only time I have experienced carb ice was in a 150. And that was 3 days in a row...


The Connies seem to be much more susceptible to carb ice than Lycommings. I've been told the reason is how close the sump is to the carb in a Lycomming.
 
The Connies seem to be much more susceptible to carb ice than Lycommings. I've been told the reason is how close the sump is to the carb in a Lycomming.

Yes, the Lycoming's intake manifold goes directly through the oil sump, and the carburetor is literally attached to the bottom of the oil sump. I fly Citabrias with lycomings, one with an O-320, and the rest if O-235s. I have never experienced carb ice with a warm engine, but that doesn't mean you shouldn't be careful.
 
Well, thank goodness you got a little bit of experience before gettin outta that full time cfi gig.

Sounds like a more or less normal day for a pilot or cfi who works everyday.
Just think, if you'd gotten out clean, you might hafta learn about that stuff with fare paying passengers watchin.
 
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