For me, initial training lasted about 7 weeks. We would meet Monday through Friday from 8:00 am to 5:00 pm. Weekends were off to do what we pleased, however most of us spent that time meeting up to learn memory items, profiles, or study the things we covered the past few days.
Week one was Indoc; indoc means indoctrination into the company rules and procedures. Not procedures really as in flight procedures (although some), but more like weather requirements, dispatch requirements, hazmat, security, and so on. The next two weeks were aircraft systems. We covered every part of the entire airplane, learning the schematics and how to operate everything.
Here is the class we'd work in every day: (I hope this works)
Week four was cockpit procedures training, and the oral. In CPT we would sit in a mockup of the Saab cockpit and go through each profile for normal procedures (how to fly an ILS within the aircraft operating limits, at certain speeds, etc.) and conduct emergency procedures and memory items.
Here is the CPT: (I hope this works)
The oral consisted of a discussion about some systems, things to look at during the walkaround, 100-hour limitations as an FO (for instance you can't land with greater than 15 knots crosswind in your first 100 hours, among other restrictions).
Should you get through the tests (up to this point, 5 tests: Indoc, Systems, Security, Hazmat, and Oral), then you move to sim. We conducted our sim training in Minneapolis. For most everyone it lasted two weeks, but for myself and my partner it lasted a week and a half. In the sim you go through every profile, procedure, event, emergency, abnormal, etc. in the book. 8 training sessions at 4 hours each, followed by the checkride, then a LOFT session to "fly the line." Should you make it through your sim ride, then you're off to OE.
OE for me lasted 4 days. I flew two 2-day trips, with one day off in between. I started OE the day after sim training ended, and since I agreed to fly on such short notice, they let me have off on the Saturday that weekend to go to my roommate's wedding. I think I flew 22 hours on OE. The requirement is 25 hours, however you get a credit for landings which can reduce that time up to 50%. My first 2-day trip was a little nerve-racking, but things got more comfortable on my second trip where we could actually have some fun.
On OE, you are actually flying paying passengers, with a check airman. Should you get the signoff after OE, you are then released to the line!
Hope this helps answer your questions.