Teaching how to visualize something

jrh

Well-Known Member
Today after introducing ground reference maneuvers to a student for the first time, I ran in to a problem I haven't dealt with much before--the guy has a terrible time visualizing anything while flying.

When we briefed the flight on the ground before flying, he had a solid academic understanding of everything...having the steepest bank angle when the groundspeed is highest, having the shallowest bank angle when the groundspeed is lowest, etc. He could explain it all, he said it made sense to him, and everything was good.

When it came to actually flying the maneuvers, he was mediocre. No single problem I could put my finger on, but I could tell he just wasn't getting it. If I coached him through a turn around a point he did alright, but as soon as I stopped talking, saying things like, "Ok, as we turn in to the wind here, shallow the bank angle a little..." everything went downhill. He'd either get way too close or way too far away from the point. He'd generally steepen or shallow the bank when he approximately needed to, but it didn't correspond with the wind nearly as well as it should have.

Another issue I've noticed with him was with his positioning of the controls during taxiing in wind. He had a hard time with it on the past flight or two, so today I showed him the trick of setting the heading bug to the winds from the ATIS recording. He positioned the controls perfectly during the whole taxi out since he didn't have to visualize it anymore.

During the debrief after our flight, he told me that he could never visualize where the wind was coming from, either in flight or on the ground. He said he had to keep looking at the heading indicator to tell which direction the wind was pushing him.

He also said it hadn't made any sense to him when I'd say things like "Since the wind is coming from the northwest, we need to crab a little to the left here," as we flew to the east. He said he can never make sense out of directions, like north/south/east/west without looking at the heading indicator. Even in his car, he said he still gets lost driving around town sometimes because he can't figure out which direction he's headed.

For what it's worth, this guy has also had a hard time visualizing traffic pattern entries, but I'm not so concerned about that, as pretty much everyone has a hard time picturing those during their first few flights. But in any case, it's more evidence of how this guy has a hard time visualizing intangible ideas while flying.

So, you have any tips to help this guy? Unfortunately all of these things came so naturally to me when I learned to fly, and many of the people I've taught have picked it up easily, so I've never had to get creative with teaching these basics.
 
Good description of the problem you're having. I think the challenge you will have is that you are a visual learner and your student isn't. You'll probably have to explain things to him in a way that doesn't make sense to you -- he'll probably get it if you do. He is probably using his experience in the airplane to build a "visual vocabulary" instead of the way you learned: you could visualize maneuvers and that helped you fly the airplane through a predetermined course. His method of learning will probably mean that he will take longer to master the material than a visual learner, but he certainly can learn it.

You might try having him focus his attention on the DG. Most have a little airplane in the center, teach him to use that plane as a reference for the airplane he's flying. When you are flying east, he can look down and see where a NW wind is on the DG, then translate that into 7-8 o'clock. I would sit down with him and do this drill on paper a few times until he gets the hang of it:

"You're flying 010 heading a 3,000 ft; ATC calls traffic 2 o'clock, 6 miles, 3,000 ft, SW bound. Where is the traffic headed?"

"You departed runway 5 at your local airport and flew runway heading until 5 miles when you reported clear of the Class D. You switch to approach, how do you define your position from the field?" (I teach guys to look at the top of the DG for direction and estimate position based on time of flight = 5 miles NE. The field is at the bottom of the DG = 5 miles SW.)

Once you can get him to do these drills on paper, then start asking him the same kinds of questions in the plane.
 
For turns around a point I always liked to find a point with some equidistant points around it... A road intersection with other points 1/4 mile away from the point (houses, etc). Of course, I instructed in Indiana so every road was a mile apart with fields usually separated at the 1/4 mile mark. This broke the maneuver down to 4 separate sections and they didn't have to "think" so much... just had to put the airplane over the point. I'd have them look at the point to get the visual picture of what it looked like, and after a while I'd go somewhere with no cross-points. I can't think of one that ever had any trouble after that.

The visualization stuff is hard for a lot of people. I just try to make the visualization not an issue. When I get winds on the ATIS, I figure out if it's a left or right crosswind (with the DG if necessary [n.b. not needed for me personally for a while]. Staying ahead of the game will make it easier to get time to visualize if necessary.
 
I had this same problem when I was a student pilot. For me the confusion stemmed from actually knowing were the wind was coming from. It's a little confusing when you think about landing. The wind is 040 and we are using runway 4. But, the actually wind is not heading 040 (its heading 220) Do you see what I am saying??? SO ,this can be a little confusing for students at first. When it becomes an apparent problem is figuring out how to enter something downwind or just ground reference maneuvers in general.
 
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