Gday,
Thought I'd chip in with a couple of comments. Firstly, I don't know a thing about residency for US citizens.
Living cost depends on where abouts you want to live. Sydney is
NOT cheap! Dangerously expensive actually, although if you bring all those American $$ here you should be right for a while. I live in Perth and living costs are quite reasonable.
Cities like Brisbane, Melbourne, Cairns etc seem to be about average. If you are looking for a place to live in a country town, the prices will shock you. Not cheap. Especially if it's a popular tourist town and you are a pilot looking for work.
Eg: One of the tourist towns in northern Western Australia called Kununurra, a very popular tourist town and popular spot for freshly licensed CPL holders to head to in search of that first job. At the moment there is about 25 unemployed pilots living in town, working jobs behind the bar, pumping gas... basically anything. Trying to make ends meet because the living expenses are crazy. Not to mention that pretty much all of the flying jobs in town have already been taken.
The above scenario doesn't paint a pretty picture, it is like this in many of the towns around the country and much the same in the major cities. A lot of experienced drivers after very few jobs at the moment.
Typically, if you are prepared to move to the country, 300-500hrs is nice to have when trying to get a charter job in a/c like C210s, C182s etc.
If you stay with the same company and they have twins, 1000hrs should be enough to get onto one. Then you will be
lucky enough to be bashing around the country side in a clapped out Baron/C310/Navajo.
The regionals down here have minimums of about 1500 total, 500 multi command and an ATPL. Realistically you need alot more than this, simply because of supply and demand. There are still a few ex-Ansett pilots floating around trying to land a job at the regionals.
The majors consist of Virgin Blue and Qantas. Virgin Blue are consistently hiring, although it seems like you need to know someone already working there so they can recommend you!! The rumor is you need 2 inside recommendations before you can even get an interview.
Qantas is not hiring at the moment, according to their website they won't be until next year.
To be honest, aviation seems to be going backwards here at the moment. Routes that used to have jets operating on them now have small turboprops or even piston twins. Some towns aren't even being serviced directly anymore.
The good news is....
It can't get any worse!!
There are many good things about living here, the girls for one!!
The country is beautiful and so are the beaches, there are alot of interesting places to visit too. The beer is great, and if you ever visit, we will show you a thing or two about drinking
To give you an idea of my situation, I have just under 1900hrs total, about 1550 multi and 1300 turbine. However I was very fortunate getting multi/turbine time so early on in my career. I have my ATPL and I haven't had one interview with a regional or major yet
I have been trying to get a greencard to work in the US for the last 3 yrs, no luck yet. I think you are extremely lucky to be able to work in the US, its the hub of everything aviation!
My goal is corporate flying, when someone mentions corporate aviation here, you usually get a laugh! Not much at all.
Hope this wasn't too depressing, don't hesitate to PM or email me if you have any Q's.
Cheers,
MNC